<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN""http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html lang="zh" xml:lang="zh" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<head>
<META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>Task Descriptor: 确定业务目标</title>
<meta name="uma.type" content="TaskDescriptor">
<meta name="uma.name" content="identify_business_goals">
<meta name="uma.presentationName" content="确定业务目标">
<meta name="uma.guid" content="__1rpAEoJEdqJ3YriPA4Mmg">
<meta name="element_type" content="TaskDescriptor">
<meta name="filetype" content="description">
<meta name="role" content="">
<link rel="StyleSheet" href="./../../css/default.css" type="text/css">
<script src="./../../scripts/ContentPageResource.js" type="text/javascript" language="JavaScript"></script><script src="./../../scripts/ContentPageSection.js" type="text/javascript" language="JavaScript"></script><script src="./../../scripts/ContentPageSubSection.js" type="text/javascript" language="JavaScript"></script><script src="./../../scripts/ActivityTreeTable.js" type="text/javascript" language="JavaScript"></script><script src="./../../scripts/ProcessElementPage.js" type="text/javascript" language="JavaScript"></script><script src="./../../scripts/ContentPageToolbar.js" type="text/javascript" language="JavaScript"></script><script src="./../../scripts/contentPage.js" type="text/javascript" language="JavaScript"></script><script src="./../../scripts/processElementData.js" type="text/javascript" language="JavaScript"></script><script type="text/javascript" language="JavaScript">
					var defaultQueryStr = '?proc=_WhJiITXDEdq4lJjndbo9Yw&path=_WhJiITXDEdq4lJjndbo9Yw,__1rpAEoJEdqJ3YriPA4Mmg';
					var backPath = './../../';
					var imgPath = './../../images/';
					var nodeInfo=null;
					contentPage.preload(imgPath, backPath, nodeInfo, defaultQueryStr, true, true, false);
				</script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="breadcrumbs"></div>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%">
<tr>
<td valign="top">
<div id="page-guid" value="__1rpAEoJEdqJ3YriPA4Mmg"></div>
<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%">
<tr>
<td class="pageTitle" nowrap="true">Task Descriptor: 确定业务目标</td><td width="100%">
<div align="right" id="contentPageToolbar"></div>
</td><td width="100%" class="expandCollapseLink" align="right"><a name="mainIndex" href="./../../index.htm"></a><script language="JavaScript" type="text/javascript" src="./../../scripts/treebrowser.js"></script></td>
</tr>
</table>
<table width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td class="pageTitleSeparator"><img src="./../../images/shim.gif" alt="" title="" height="1"></td>
</tr>
</table>
<div class="overview">
<table width="97%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr>
<td width="50"><img src="./../../images/taskdes_lg_dgm32.gif" alt="" title=""></td><td>
<table class="overviewTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr>
<td valign="top">此任务描述了确定业务目标的组合方法（自顶向下和自底向上）。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Based on Method Task: <a href="./../../rup_bm/tasks/identify_business_goals_BDD1599E.html" guid="{BE3CF670-F2E7-4B03-90A0-F01B59777597}">确定业务目标</a></td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<div class="sectionHeading">Relationships</div>
<div class="sectionContent">
<table class="sectionTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr valign="top">
<th class="sectionTableHeading" scope="row">Roles</th><td class="sectionTableCell" width="30%"><span class="sectionTableCellHeading">Main:
								</span>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup_bm/capabilitypatterns/rup_business_process_analyst_6314283A.html" guid="_xmcssDtvEdqadtQIdcFpTw">业务流程分析人员</a>
</li>
</ul>
</td><td class="sectionTableCell" width="30%"><span class="sectionTableCellHeading">Additional:
								</span></td><td class="sectionTableCell"><span class="sectionTableCellHeading">Assisting:
								</span></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<th class="sectionTableHeading" scope="row">Inputs</th><td class="sectionTableCell" width="30%"><span class="sectionTableCellHeading">Mandatory:
								</span>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup_bm/capabilitypatterns/rup_business_vision_C622AC7E.html" guid="_y4NPgDtvEdqadtQIdcFpTw">业务愿景</a>
</li>
</ul>
</td><td class="sectionTableCell" width="30%"><span class="sectionTableCellHeading">Optional:
								</span>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup_bm/capabilitypatterns/rup_business_goal_183DA8D8.html" guid="__132QEoJEdqJ3YriPA4Mmg">业务目标</a>
</li>
</ul>
</td><td class="sectionTableCell"><span class="sectionTableCellHeading">External:
								</span>
<ul>
<li>None</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<th class="sectionTableHeading" scope="row">Outputs</th><td class="sectionTableCell" colspan="3">
<ul>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup_bm/capabilitypatterns/rup_business_goal_183DA8D8.html" guid="__132QEoJEdqJ3YriPA4Mmg">业务目标</a>
</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<div class="sectionHeading">Steps</div>
<div class="sectionContent">
<table class="sectionTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr>
<td class="sectionTableCell">
<div class="stepHeading"> 分析竞争定位</div>
<div class="stepContent">
<table class="stepTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr valign="top">
<td><a id="Analyze Competitive Positioning" name="Analyze Competitive Positioning"></a>
<p>
    此步骤的目的在于确定当前的和期望的竞争定位。要在下一步中定义的业务目标会将组织带到期望的情形。有许多技术均适用于此处 － 例如“优势、劣势、机会和威胁（SWOT）分析”和 Porter 的竞争分析 [<a class="elementLinkWithUserText" href="./../../rup/customcategories/references_56F06DFD.html#POR98" guid="7.755968586980351E-308">POR98</a>]。
</p>
<p>
    如果没有清晰的和传达情况良好的业务策略，就不能设置现实的业务目标，且不能保证业务目标、流程和策略之间的一致。
</p></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<div class="stepHeading"> 定义业务目标</div>
<div class="stepContent">
<table class="stepTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr valign="top">
<td><a id="Define Business Goals" name="Define Business Goals"></a>
<p>
    此步骤的目的在于定义为了使组织能达到在先前步骤中确定的期望的竞争位置而需要完成什么。确保将注意力集中于将给组织带来竞争优势的因素，因为只有这才是具有战略性的，如<a class="elementLinkWithType" href="./../../rup_bm/guidances/guidelines/business_goal_CCCB68FF.html" guid="9.06687347922131E-306">Guideline: 业务目标</a>中所述。&nbsp;
</p></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<div class="stepHeading"> 描述度量</div>
<div class="stepContent">
<table class="stepTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr valign="top">
<td><a id="Describe Measures" name="Describe Measures"></a>
<p>
    此步骤的目的在于定义将如何度量业务目标。如果您能找到一个定量的度量来评估是否完成了业务目标，则该业务目标可能与业务活动相关。尝试量化期望的成果，并将其记录在业务目标的变更值和变更种类属性中。因为人们通常对自己设置比他人所设更雄心勃勃的目标，所以与那些负责实现业务目标的人员讨论上边界和下边界是有用的。雇员需要感觉到工作中有足够的挑战，但他们也希望偶尔能得到一些鼓励和安慰。
</p>
<p>
    如果度量是定性的或主观的，业务目标可能需要转换成更具可度量性、更低级的目标。在这种情况下，通过考虑将如何度量较高级别的目标来确定子目标。一些或者所有子目标的完成应导致较高级别目标的完成。
</p>
<p>
    如果为业务目标指定了一个日期，必须在该日期之前完成目标，那么该目标就足够具体，而能称为一个目标。当确定完成目标的时限时，请将目标设得远大一点，但又不能脱离现实。
</p></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<div class="stepHeading"> 构造业务目标</div>
<div class="stepContent">
<table class="stepTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr valign="top">
<td><a id="Trace Business Goals" name="Trace Business Goals"></a>
<p>
    此步骤的目的在于确定较高级别和较低级别目标之间的关系。这是将实际生成业务目标的层次结构的步骤。一些业务目标不够具体，可度量性也不够，从而使得您无法找到支持的业务用例。这些通常是需要在更具体的级别上定义的战略目标。
</p>
<p>
    必须从较高级别到较低级别跟踪业务目标，以生成业务目标层次结构。
</p>
<p>
    在任何企业的日常运营中，在实现公司的短期价值和建立公司的长期价值之间存在轻微的局部的冲突。从业务愿景得到的业务目标层次结构确保了在短期的财务目标和非短期、但却更重要的战略目标之间作出正确的折衷。
</p></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<div class="stepHeading"> 评估结果</div>
<div class="stepContent">
<table class="stepTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr valign="top">
<td><a id="Evaluate Your Results" name="Evaluate Your Results"></a>
<p>
    此步骤的目的在于验证业务策略是否已成功地转换成了组织的一组管理目标。评审业务目标层次结构以及各个业务目标，以确保它们形成一个完整和一致的整体。请确保业务目标已转换成业务用例，从而根据组织的期望竞争位置调整了业务活动。
</p>
<p>
    在不同的级别上与管理层和项目干系人举行一次评审会议，以确保业务目标支持策略，且处于不同级别的业务目标是明确的、可度量的和现实的。关于评审的帮助，请参阅<a class="elementLinkWithType" href="./../../rup_bm/guidances/checklists/business_goal_5AC09059.html" guid="1.898009891861306E-305">Checklist: 业务目标</a>。
</p><br />
<br /></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<div class="sectionHeading">Properties</div>
<div class="sectionContent">
<table class="sectionTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr valign="top">
<th class="sectionTableHeading" scope="row" id="property_Multiple Occurrences" abbr="Multiple Occurrences">Multiple Occurrences</th><td class="sectionTableCell" align="left" headers="property_Multiple Occurrences"><img width="20" height="15" alt="" title="" src="./../../images/indent.gif"></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<th class="sectionTableHeading" scope="row" id="property_Event Driven" abbr="Event Driven">Event Driven</th><td class="sectionTableCell" align="left" headers="property_Event Driven"><img width="20" height="15" alt="" title="" src="./../../images/indent.gif"></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<th class="sectionTableHeading" scope="row" id="property_Ongoing" abbr="Ongoing">Ongoing</th><td class="sectionTableCell" align="left" headers="property_Ongoing"><img width="20" height="15" alt="" title="" src="./../../images/indent.gif"></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<th class="sectionTableHeading" scope="row" id="property_Optional" abbr="Optional">Optional</th><td class="sectionTableCell" align="left" headers="property_Optional"><img width="20" height="15" alt="" title="" src="./../../images/indent.gif"></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<th class="sectionTableHeading" scope="row" id="property_Planned" abbr="Planned">Planned</th><td class="sectionTableCell" align="left" headers="property_Planned"><img width="20" height="15" alt="" title="" src="./../../images/indent.gif"></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<th class="sectionTableHeading" scope="row" id="property_Repeatable" abbr="Repeatable">Repeatable</th><td class="sectionTableCell" align="left" headers="property_Repeatable"><img width="20" height="15" alt="" title="" src="./../../images/indent.gif"></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<table class="copyright" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr>
<td class="copyright">Copyright &copy; 2008 版权所有 东软集团股份有限公司&nbsp; 联系邮箱:<a href="mailto:tcoe@neusoft.com">tcoe@neusoft.com</a></td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
<script language="JavaScript" type="text/javascript">
					contentPage.onload();
					contentPage.processPage.fixDescriptorLinks();
				</script>
</html>
